Smalltalk
Smalltalk is a purely object-oriented programming language that was originally created in the 1970s for educational use, specifically for constructionist learning, but later found use in business. It was created at Xerox PARC by Learning Research Group (LRG) scientists, including Alan Kay, Dan Ingalls, Adele Goldberg, Ted Kaehler, Diana Merry, and Scott Wallace. Wikipedia
Created Year: 1972Designed by: Dan Ingalls • Alan Kay • Palo Alto Research Center
Developed by: Dan Ingalls • Alan Kay • Adele Goldberg • Diana Merry
File extensions: st
Wikidata: Q235086
Influenced: Ada • AgentSheets • Agora • Apache Groovy • Ceylon • Citrine • Claire • Dart • Emerald • Erlang • F-Script • Falcon • Go • Io • Java • Lasso • Magik • Oaklisp • Object Pascal • Object REXX • Objective-C • Pharo • Raku • Ruby • Scala • Self • Snap! • Snap4Arduino • Squeak • Strongtalk • Swift • Wolfram Language • Xtend
Influenced by: Lisp • Logo • Simula
Programming paradigms: class-based programming • object-oriented programming
Smalltalk Influence Network
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Hello World in Smalltalk
Transcript show: 'Hello World'.
Free Smalltalk books, articles, documentation
- Deep into Pharo - Alexandre Bergel, Damien Cassou, Stéphane Ducasse, Jannik Laval
- Dynamic Web Development with Seaside - S. Ducasse, L. Renggli, C. D. Shaffer, R. Zaccone
- Enterprise Pharo: a Web Perspective
- Numerical Methods with Pharo - Didier Besset, Stéphane Ducasse, Serge Stinckwich
- Pharo by Example - Andrew P. Black, et al. (Smalltalk Implementation and IDE)
- Squeak by Example
- Stef's Free Online Smalltalk Books (meta-list)
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Latest data update: 2026-09-06